This type of abnormality is seen frequently in women and also in some men.

The contraction of the toes with corns/calluses on the underside makes the foot appear to have a deformed and smaller outline than it really has. There are many myths on the origin of this problem but the truth is that it is not caused by narrow shoes. The cause is due to hereditary factors and to the malfunctioning of the muscles which move the toes.

Surgery for this type of deformity is carried out by changing the functionality of the tendons in the toe muscles with incisions that are hardly visible. Post surgical recovery requires the patient to stay off the operated foot for a short period and before walking with a protective shoe. Once the protection is removed the operated toes appear physiologically straight. A short period of physiotherapy may sometimes be required to assist in their full recovery. After recovery, the appearance of the toes is good and open shoes or sandals can be worn without feeling self-conscious.